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2001
"The Benedictions of Self-identity and the Changing Status of Women and of Orthodoxy," Tabory, Joseph. Kenishta, Bar Ilan University Press, 1, 2001, 107-138.

Synopsis: Professor Joseph Tabory provides a scholarly extensive history and analysis of the blessing "who has not made me a woman". He differentiates between expressing pride or gratitude in a positive manner or by denigrating other groups. The author states that the intent of the paper is to show how the changing status of women within traditional Judaism is reflected in the halakhic discussions about this blessing, and the changing methods of Orthodoxy in relating to this change.

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2000
"Our Dialogue with God: Tradition and Innovation," Sperber, Daniel. Transcript from JOFA's 10th Anniversary International Conference, 2000.

Synopsis: R. Professor Daniel Sperber shows variations of several prayers found in traditional siddurim and explains how these prayers have changed over time. He then discusses the prayer "she-lo asani isha" and the many ways throughout history that this prayer has been altered so that the morning prayers were not offensive to women. He concludes that it is halakhicly permitted to make changes to prayers in the siddur provided one does not alter the overall content and the overall structure of the prayer. A corresponding audio file is available from this page.

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"Our Dialogue with God: Tradition and Innovation," Sperber, Daniel. JOFA 6th International Conference.

Synopsis: R. Professor Daniel Sperber shows variations of several prayers found in traditional siddurim and explains how these prayers have changed over time. He then discusses the prayer "she-lo asani isha" and the many ways throughout history that this prayer has been altered so that the morning prayers were not offensive to women. He concludes that it is halakhicly permitted to make changes to prayers in the siddur provided one does not alter the overall content and the overall structure of the prayer. A corresponding transcript of the talk is available from this page.

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2007
"Straight from the Sources Mouth: Women Examine Halakha Anew," Berkovits, Rahel and Koren, Debby. JOFA 6th International Conference. 2007.

Synopsis: Some women are not comfortable with mention of the "covenant that You have inscribed on our flesh" in the grace after meals. The second lecture at this session addresses the opinions about the requirement for this language in birkat hamazon. Dr. Debby Koren opens the session with an introduction about the development of halakha as a dialectic continuum of multiple, equally valid attempts at understanding and interpreting the rabbinic literature. Then, following Rahel Berkovits' presentation on kaddish, (approximately at the 35 minute marker) Dr. Koren addresses the topic of the required language in birkat hamazon, and the halakhic implications of omitting mention of the covenant, while pointing out that a totally valid text for both men and women can omit "that You have inscribed on our flesh".

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2010
On Changes in Jewish Liturgy: Options and Limitations. Sperber, Daniel. Urim Publications: Jerusalem, 2010.

Synopsis: In this book, Professor Sperber attempts to delineate the parameters of halachically permissible changes in Jewish liturgy -- changes that have precedents in traditional sources and that may correct possibly misogynist expressions found in our current prayers. For example, he suggests that one can simply omit the prayer “she-lo assani isha”, and introduce the matriarchs into the silent ‘Amidah. He argues that, because there is no standard version of Jewish liturgy, “yet another nusah of tefillah [should develop], one that will be acceptable within the context of modern-day Orthodox feminist thinking, and which will hopefully gain ever wider legitimacy” (p. 129).

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ADDITIONAL READING

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Nov. 3, 2010
"Nusach Feminist: (Review of Daniel Sperber’s On Changes in Jewish Liturgy)," Student, Gil. Jewish Book Review, Nov. 3, 2010.

Synopsis: This review presents a serious halachic critique of Daniel Sperber’s suggestions as to what can be changed in the nusach (wording/formulation) of standard Orthodox prayers. The author believes that Sperber engages in an extended argument against R. Joseph B. Soloveitchik, as expressed in Ra’ayonos Al Ha-Tefillah, who forbids changing the text of our prayers.
See aslo the blog: Musings -- Hirhurim http://torahmusings.com/2010/09/nusach-feminist.html
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1995
"Who Has Not Made Me A Woman: An Articulate Berakha," Feldman, Emanuel. Tradition, 29:4, 1995, 69-74.

Synopsis: R. Feldman responds to Dr. Wolowelsky's article (cited on this page) about the blessing that is said by men, thanking God that He did not make them a woman. The link provided is for both Dr. Wolowelsky's article and R. Feldman's response.

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1995
"Who Has Not Made Me A Woman: A Quiet Berakha," Wolowelsky, Joel B. Tradition, 29:4, 1995, 61-68.

Synopsis: Dr. Wolowelsky comments on the practice in many congregations of the hazzan reciting the blessing of shelo asani isha out loud at the beginning of the morning prayer. He suggests that saying it quietly, as is commonly done with all the morning blessings in many congregations, might show more sensitivity to the many women who are offended by the blessing. R. Feldman responds to this suggestion, and his response is cited on this page, as well. The link provided is for both Dr. Wolowelsky's article and R. Feldman's response.

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January 21, 2008
"Prayer and the 'Other' - Prayer and Women: Shelo Asani Ishah," Mintz, Adam. Kehillat Rayim Ahuvim, New York, New York. January 21, 2008.

Synopsis: The Talmud requires that men recite a daily blessing thanking God that they "were not created a woman". In this lecture, R. Mintz discusses how this blessing has been understood throughout the centuries, how women responded to it, and how the rabbis reacted to the women's innovation.

www.rayimahuvim.org/pages/winter_audio/winter_audi ...
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2001
"God is a Man of War: Gender, Language and Jewish Texts," Amsellem, Wendy. JOFA One Day Conference, New York. 2001.

Synopsis: The Torah describes God in consistently masculine terms. In our liturgy, we pray to God as Father, Master, and War-Hero. Many of our halakhic and exegetical texts depict women in terms ranging from unflattering to misogynistic. How do we as Orthodox feminists relate to these texts and how do these texts affect the way we study, pray, and think about God?

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2003
Responsa On Contemporary Jewish Women's Issues. Henkin, Yehuda Herzl. Ktav, 2003.

Synopsis: This book contains twenty-four modern responsa translated from Hebrew. The chapter on Shelo Asani Ishah is relevant to this category in the JOFA online library.

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1992
Daughters of the King: Women and the Synagogue. Grossman, Susan and Haut, Rivka eds.. JPS, 1992.

Synopsis: Daughters of the King explains women's involvement in and around the synagogue from its antecedents in the biblical period to contemporary times. Susan Grossman and Rivka Haut have added their experiences and studies to those of other scholars and religious thinkers to demonstrate the historical diversity of women's roles in Judaism, to record first-person accounts of the innovative practices now being introduced for and by women throughout the Jewish community, and to ponder these new realities in order to glimpse the religious life of Jewish women in the future. Relevant to the category of this page, there is a chapter on "Language and Liturgy".

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1992
To Be A Jewish Woman. Aiken, Lisa. Jason Aronson, 1992.

Synopsis: An exploration of the role of women in modern, though traditional Jewish life. The book contains short sections on the texts of the prayer, relevant to this category.

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